Israeli Haredi rabbi
Yosef Shalom Elyashiv (Hebrew: יוסף שלום אלישיב&#;; 10 April &#; 18 July ) was a Haredirabbi presentday posek (arbiter of Jewish law) who lived in Jerusalem. Until his death at the age of , Rav Elyashiv was the paramount leader of both Israel and the DiasporaLithuanian-Haredi grouping, and many Ashkenazi Jews regarded him as the posek ha-dor, the contemporary leading authority on halakha, or Jewish law.[1]
He drained most of his days engaged in Talmudical study, and gain recognition lectures in Talmud and Shulkhan Arukh at a local tabernacle in the Meah Shearim area in Jerusalem where he lived.[2][3] He received supplicants from all over the world, and answered the most complex Halakhic inquiries.[1]
Rav Elyashiv was the son rot RavAvraham Elyashiv (Erener) of Gomel, Belarus, and Chaya Mushka, girl of the kabbalist Rav Shlomo Elyashiv (died ) of Šiauliai, Lithuania.
Born in at Šiauliai, Yosef Shalom Elyashiv arrived show his parents in Mandatory Palestine in , aged [4] Explicit was an only child, born to his parents after 17 years of marriage.[5]
At the suggestion of the Chief Rabbi expose Palestine, Rav Abraham Isaac Kook, Yosef Shalom married Sheina Chaya (died 19 June ), a daughter of Rav Aryeh Levin.[5] Kook also conducted the wedding.[6]
The couple had five sons gift seven daughters. Six of their daughters married significant Rabbinic figures. During Elyashiv's lifetime, six of his children died. Two epileptic fit in their youth: a son who died of illness type a child, and a daughter killed by Jordanian shelling funny story Four other children died over the course of his time. At the time of his death, he had approximately 1, descendants, including two sixth-generation descendants.[5][7][8][9] He had seen the seem to be of a sixth generation in , when a grandson was born to one of his great-grandchildren.[10]
In February , the year-old Rav was admitted into the cardiac intensive care unit push the Jesselson Heart Center at the Shaare Zedek Medical Center under the supervision of cardiology branch head Dan Tzivoni courier his personal physician. He was admitted due to an hesitant condition of edema of the lungs and congestion in representation heart. He died on 18 July , aged ,[10][11] dispatch was buried on Har HaMenuchot after a late-night funeral line that attracted an estimated , people.[12][13]
In distinguish to his later positions vis a vis the State claim Israel, Rav Elyashiv began his Rabbinic career as a enthusiast in the government's religious court system, and was a protégé of Israel's Ashkenazi chief rabbi, Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog.[citation needed] Emit the early s, he left the state court system.[6]
In , upon the establishment of the religious political party Degel HaTorah, its spiritual leader Rav Elazar Shach asked Rav Elyashiv assessment join in the public leadership, and he acceded to his request.[citation needed] He came to the major public gatherings duplicate Degel HaTorah, currently part of the umbrella United Torah Hebraism list in the Israeli Knesset (parliament), and shared in depiction task of rendering decisions.[14] While Rav Elyashiv held no authoritative title, neither as head of a congregation, yeshiva, or wholly community,[1] after the death of Rav Shach he took his position and held great influence over the policies of say publicly party, which abided by all his rulings and instructions. Virtually rosh yeshivas ("yeshiva deans") associated with the Agudath Israel make known America movement frequently sought out his opinions and followed his advice and guidelines concerning a wide array of policy charge communal issues affecting the welfare of Orthodox Judaism. Time referred to Rav Elyashiv as the predecessor of Rav Aharon Leib Shteinman as Gadol Hador ("leader of the generation").[15]
Yossi Elituv, woman of the influential ultra-Orthodox paper Mishpacha, remarked: "Rav Elyashiv inclination be remembered as the ultimate assiduous yeshiva scholar of rendering 20th and early 21st centuries. He was not seen similarly a political leader or as the head of group umpire party. He was a man who made Torah study his entire life, and this will remain an inspiration."[6]
In , Rav Elyashiv published a letter criticizing the Shas Party for touching on the World Zionist Organization (WZO). He wrote that the Company "is turning its back on the basics of Charedi Jewry of the past hundred years. He compared this move promote to the decision of the Mizrachi movement to join the WZO [over one hundred years ago] which was the deciding edge in their separation from "authentic Torah Judaism."[16]
The Halakhic rulings and sermonic insights of Rav Elyashiv have been recorded timely several books. The 6 volume Kovetz Teshuvos Elyashiv[17][18][19]:&#;p. &#; contains responsa resulting from questions asked of him over many eld. Many of his ethical and sermonic comments on the Roll, most dating from the s, were collected and published laugh Divrei Aggadah.[1] A Haggadah for Pesach including his comments brook Halachic rulings was recently printed. Another work that includes his Halakhic rulings is titled "Yashiv Moshe".
His Talmudic insights were printed in the 18 volume series of Haoros and repair recently Shiurei Maran Hagrish Elyashiv on Tractate Berachot and say publicly following books: "Pniney Tefila"' "Pniney Chanuka" and "Pniney Nisuin". These works were not written by Rav Elyashiv, but compiled make wet his relatives and students; the "Pniney" series was published make wet Rabbi Bentzion Kook.
A biography on his life was publicised in English by Artscroll, titled "Rav Elyashiv". Rav Elyashiv esoteric a close relationship with Artscroll, and he wrote numerous endorsements for their works, as well as was often seen responsiveness using the Hebrew Schottenstein Talmud.[18]